Foreclosure laws by state.
Timeline, process type, redemption rights, and deficiency rules for all 50 states. General guidance only — your lender, loan type, and individual circumstances change the picture. Call us for a state-specific assessment.
Alabama
Non-JudicialAvg. days
49–74
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
1 year
One of the fastest non-judicial processes in the country. Power-of-sale clause activates quickly.
Get help in AlabamaAlaska
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Trustee-deed process is most common. 90-day reinstatement window after notice of default.
Get help in AlaskaArizona
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–120
Deficiency
Limited
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Anti-deficiency statutes protect homeowners who bought with purchase-money mortgages on residential property.
Get help in ArizonaArkansas
Non-JudicialAvg. days
70–90
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
1 year (judicial only)
Very fast non-judicial process. Lender files a complaint then gives a 10-day period after judgment before sale.
Get help in ArkansasCalifornia
Non-JudicialAvg. days
120–200
Deficiency
Restricted
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Strong anti-deficiency protections. 3-month notice of default + 21-day notice of sale minimum.
Get help in CaliforniaColorado
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–150
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
75 days (agricultural only)
Public trustee handles the sale. Relatively fast non-judicial process.
Get help in ColoradoConnecticut
JudicialAvg. days
60–150
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
Court-set redemption period
Uses 'strict foreclosure' — no sale, title passes to lender if not redeemed in the court-set period. Can be very fast once the court rules.
Get help in ConnecticutDelaware
JudicialAvg. days
170–210
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Judicial process with Chancery Court. Sheriff's sale follows judgment. Generally more time than nearby states.
Get help in DelawareFlorida
JudicialAvg. days
180–700
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
Until sale confirmed
Judicial process creates a longer timeline — more time for modification. Deficiency judgments allowed up to 1 year after sale.
Get help in FloridaGeorgia
Non-JudicialAvg. days
37–60
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Among the fastest foreclosure timelines nationwide. Act immediately if you receive a notice.
Get help in GeorgiaHawaii
BothAvg. days
60–90 (non-judicial)
Deficiency
No (non-judicial)
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Non-judicial path is faster; no deficiency allowed on non-judicial residential sales. Judicial path can take 18–24 months.
Get help in HawaiiIdaho
Non-JudicialAvg. days
150
Deficiency
Limited
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Trustee must follow a specific 150-day pre-sale notice procedure. Anti-deficiency protection for purchase-money deeds of trust.
Get help in IdahoIllinois
JudicialAvg. days
300–720
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
7 months
Long judicial process gives significant time for workout options. Redemption period is substantial.
Get help in IllinoisIndiana
JudicialAvg. days
270–300
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
3 months post-sale
Judicial process with a 3-month post-sale redemption right. Mediation is encouraged in many counties.
Get help in IndianaIowa
JudicialAvg. days
150–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
6–12 months post-sale
Meaningful post-sale redemption period. FHA loans have a longer redemption period. Non-judicial path available but rarely used.
Get help in IowaKansas
JudicialAvg. days
90–120
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
3–12 months post-sale
Judicial process. Redemption period varies by property type. Owner-occupied residential: 3 months.
Get help in KansasKentucky
JudicialAvg. days
180–365
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None after sale
Master commissioner conducts the sale after court judgment. No post-sale right of redemption.
Get help in KentuckyLouisiana
JudicialAvg. days
60–120
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Executive-proceedings allow for faster judicial foreclosure than most states. No right of redemption after sale.
Get help in LouisianaMaine
JudicialAvg. days
240–360
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
90 days before final judgment
Foreclosure by civil action. 90-day redemption period runs before the court enters final judgment, not after sale.
Get help in MaineMaryland
JudicialAvg. days
150–270
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
Until sale ratified
Primary market for SwiftHome. Mandatory mediation program available. Order to Docket begins the formal process.
Get help in MarylandMassachusetts
Non-JudicialAvg. days
75–120
Deficiency
Yes (limited)
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Relatively fast non-judicial process. Strict compliance with statutory steps required or the sale can be challenged.
Get help in MassachusettsMichigan
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–90
Deficiency
Yes (limited)
Redemption right
6 months post-sale
6-month redemption period after sale is meaningful — homeowners can stay in the home during that window.
Get help in MichiganMinnesota
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–180
Deficiency
Limited
Redemption right
6 months post-sale
Strong 6-month post-sale redemption right. Homeowners can remain in the property during the redemption period.
Get help in MinnesotaMississippi
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–120
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Deed-of-trust process; trustee can sell without court action. No post-sale right of redemption.
Get help in MississippiMissouri
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
One of the faster non-judicial timelines. Trustee sale can proceed about 60 days after first publication of notice.
Get help in MissouriMontana
Non-JudicialAvg. days
150
Deficiency
Prohibited (non-judicial)
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
No deficiency judgment allowed after non-judicial foreclosure on property that served as the borrower's primary residence.
Get help in MontanaNebraska
JudicialAvg. days
150–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None after sale confirmation
Judicial process through district court. No right of redemption once the sale is confirmed.
Get help in NebraskaNevada
Non-JudicialAvg. days
120–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Mandatory mediation program available to homeowners before foreclosure proceeds.
Get help in NevadaNew Hampshire
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–90
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Fast non-judicial process via power of sale in the mortgage deed. 25-day publication period required.
Get help in New HampshireNew Jersey
JudicialAvg. days
270–900
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
10 days post-sale
One of the slowest judicial processes in the country — provides significant negotiation runway.
Get help in New JerseyNew Mexico
JudicialAvg. days
180–270
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
30 days post-sale
Judicial process through district court. Short 30-day post-sale redemption window.
Get help in New MexicoNew York
JudicialAvg. days
445–900
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Mandatory settlement conference required in residential foreclosures — lenders must negotiate in good faith.
Get help in New YorkNorth Carolina
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–150
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
10 days post-sale
Substitute-trustee process; clerk of court hearing required. Mandatory 10-day upset-bid period after sale.
Get help in North CarolinaNorth Dakota
JudicialAvg. days
90–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
60 days post-sale
Judicial process; 60-day right of redemption after sale. Homeowners may remain in possession during redemption.
Get help in North DakotaOhio
JudicialAvg. days
180–270
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
Until sale confirmed
Judicial process provides multiple opportunities to modify or resolve before auction.
Get help in OhioOklahoma
JudicialAvg. days
120–210
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None after sale
Judicial process through district court. No post-sale right of redemption for residential mortgages.
Get help in OklahomaOregon
BothAvg. days
150–180
Deficiency
Restricted
Redemption right
180 days (judicial only)
Non-judicial path is faster; anti-deficiency rules apply to non-judicial sales of residential property.
Get help in OregonPennsylvania
JudicialAvg. days
270–540
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Act 91 notice required. Mediation available in most counties. Long judicial process.
Get help in PennsylvaniaRhode Island
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–90
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
3 years (equity right)
Fast non-judicial process. Homeowner has 3 years after sale to redeem by paying all sums owed — but this is rarely practical.
Get help in Rhode IslandSouth Carolina
JudicialAvg. days
150–180
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Master-in-equity conducts the sale. No right of redemption after the sale is confirmed.
Get help in South CarolinaSouth Dakota
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–150
Deficiency
Limited
Redemption right
180 days post-sale
Meaningful 6-month post-sale redemption right. Anti-deficiency protections apply in certain circumstances.
Get help in South DakotaTennessee
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
2 years (judicial) / None (non-judicial)
Very fast non-judicial process. Trustee can advertise and sell within 60 days of default.
Get help in TennesseeTexas
Non-JudicialAvg. days
27–60
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None (non-judicial)
Extremely fast — one of the shortest timelines in the U.S. Sale can happen the first Tuesday of the month after a 21-day posting period.
Get help in TexasUtah
Non-JudicialAvg. days
90–120
Deficiency
No (non-judicial)
Redemption right
180 days (judicial only)
No deficiency judgment allowed after non-judicial trustee's sale. Anti-deficiency protection is strong.
Get help in UtahVermont
JudicialAvg. days
180–365
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
6-month redemption period
Strict foreclosure system: no public auction. Court sets a redemption period; if the homeowner doesn't redeem, title transfers to the lender.
Get help in VermontVirginia
Non-JudicialAvg. days
45–60
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Very fast non-judicial process. Advertising requirements are minimal. Act quickly.
Get help in VirginiaWashington
Non-JudicialAvg. days
120–180
Deficiency
Prohibited (non-judicial)
Redemption right
8 days post-sale
No deficiency allowed after non-judicial foreclosure. 120-day mediation window is available.
Get help in WashingtonWest Virginia
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–90
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
None
Trustee sale process; notice published for 4 consecutive weeks before sale. No right of redemption.
Get help in West VirginiaWisconsin
JudicialAvg. days
270–365
Deficiency
Yes
Redemption right
6–12 months post-sale
Long judicial process with a substantial redemption period. Homeowners can remain in possession during redemption.
Get help in WisconsinWyoming
Non-JudicialAvg. days
60–90
Deficiency
No (non-judicial)
Redemption right
3 months post-sale
No deficiency allowed after non-judicial trustee's sale. 3-month post-sale redemption right.
Get help in WyomingInformation is general in nature, updated periodically, and may not reflect recent legislative changes. Foreclosure law is complex and varies by loan type, lender, and county. Nothing on this page constitutes legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney in your state for case-specific guidance.
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