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Foreclosure laws by state.

Timeline, process type, redemption rights, and deficiency rules for all 50 states. General guidance only — your lender, loan type, and individual circumstances change the picture. Call us for a state-specific assessment.

Non-JudicialJudicialBoth= Foreclosure process type

Alabama

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

49–74

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

1 year

One of the fastest non-judicial processes in the country. Power-of-sale clause activates quickly.

Get help in Alabama

Alaska

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Trustee-deed process is most common. 90-day reinstatement window after notice of default.

Get help in Alaska

Arizona

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–120

Deficiency

Limited

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Anti-deficiency statutes protect homeowners who bought with purchase-money mortgages on residential property.

Get help in Arizona

Arkansas

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

70–90

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

1 year (judicial only)

Very fast non-judicial process. Lender files a complaint then gives a 10-day period after judgment before sale.

Get help in Arkansas

California

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

120–200

Deficiency

Restricted

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Strong anti-deficiency protections. 3-month notice of default + 21-day notice of sale minimum.

Get help in California

Colorado

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–150

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

75 days (agricultural only)

Public trustee handles the sale. Relatively fast non-judicial process.

Get help in Colorado

Connecticut

Judicial

Avg. days

60–150

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

Court-set redemption period

Uses 'strict foreclosure' — no sale, title passes to lender if not redeemed in the court-set period. Can be very fast once the court rules.

Get help in Connecticut

Delaware

Judicial

Avg. days

170–210

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Judicial process with Chancery Court. Sheriff's sale follows judgment. Generally more time than nearby states.

Get help in Delaware

Florida

Judicial

Avg. days

180–700

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

Until sale confirmed

Judicial process creates a longer timeline — more time for modification. Deficiency judgments allowed up to 1 year after sale.

Get help in Florida

Georgia

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

37–60

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Among the fastest foreclosure timelines nationwide. Act immediately if you receive a notice.

Get help in Georgia

Hawaii

Both

Avg. days

60–90 (non-judicial)

Deficiency

No (non-judicial)

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Non-judicial path is faster; no deficiency allowed on non-judicial residential sales. Judicial path can take 18–24 months.

Get help in Hawaii

Idaho

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

150

Deficiency

Limited

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Trustee must follow a specific 150-day pre-sale notice procedure. Anti-deficiency protection for purchase-money deeds of trust.

Get help in Idaho

Illinois

Judicial

Avg. days

300–720

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

7 months

Long judicial process gives significant time for workout options. Redemption period is substantial.

Get help in Illinois

Indiana

Judicial

Avg. days

270–300

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

3 months post-sale

Judicial process with a 3-month post-sale redemption right. Mediation is encouraged in many counties.

Get help in Indiana

Iowa

Judicial

Avg. days

150–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

6–12 months post-sale

Meaningful post-sale redemption period. FHA loans have a longer redemption period. Non-judicial path available but rarely used.

Get help in Iowa

Kansas

Judicial

Avg. days

90–120

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

3–12 months post-sale

Judicial process. Redemption period varies by property type. Owner-occupied residential: 3 months.

Get help in Kansas

Kentucky

Judicial

Avg. days

180–365

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None after sale

Master commissioner conducts the sale after court judgment. No post-sale right of redemption.

Get help in Kentucky

Louisiana

Judicial

Avg. days

60–120

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Executive-proceedings allow for faster judicial foreclosure than most states. No right of redemption after sale.

Get help in Louisiana

Maine

Judicial

Avg. days

240–360

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

90 days before final judgment

Foreclosure by civil action. 90-day redemption period runs before the court enters final judgment, not after sale.

Get help in Maine

Maryland

Judicial

Avg. days

150–270

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

Until sale ratified

Primary market for SwiftHome. Mandatory mediation program available. Order to Docket begins the formal process.

Get help in Maryland

Massachusetts

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

75–120

Deficiency

Yes (limited)

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Relatively fast non-judicial process. Strict compliance with statutory steps required or the sale can be challenged.

Get help in Massachusetts

Michigan

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–90

Deficiency

Yes (limited)

Redemption right

6 months post-sale

6-month redemption period after sale is meaningful — homeowners can stay in the home during that window.

Get help in Michigan

Minnesota

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–180

Deficiency

Limited

Redemption right

6 months post-sale

Strong 6-month post-sale redemption right. Homeowners can remain in the property during the redemption period.

Get help in Minnesota

Mississippi

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–120

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Deed-of-trust process; trustee can sell without court action. No post-sale right of redemption.

Get help in Mississippi

Missouri

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

One of the faster non-judicial timelines. Trustee sale can proceed about 60 days after first publication of notice.

Get help in Missouri

Montana

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

150

Deficiency

Prohibited (non-judicial)

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

No deficiency judgment allowed after non-judicial foreclosure on property that served as the borrower's primary residence.

Get help in Montana

Nebraska

Judicial

Avg. days

150–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None after sale confirmation

Judicial process through district court. No right of redemption once the sale is confirmed.

Get help in Nebraska

Nevada

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

120–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Mandatory mediation program available to homeowners before foreclosure proceeds.

Get help in Nevada

New Hampshire

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–90

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Fast non-judicial process via power of sale in the mortgage deed. 25-day publication period required.

Get help in New Hampshire

New Jersey

Judicial

Avg. days

270–900

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

10 days post-sale

One of the slowest judicial processes in the country — provides significant negotiation runway.

Get help in New Jersey

New Mexico

Judicial

Avg. days

180–270

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

30 days post-sale

Judicial process through district court. Short 30-day post-sale redemption window.

Get help in New Mexico

New York

Judicial

Avg. days

445–900

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Mandatory settlement conference required in residential foreclosures — lenders must negotiate in good faith.

Get help in New York

North Carolina

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–150

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

10 days post-sale

Substitute-trustee process; clerk of court hearing required. Mandatory 10-day upset-bid period after sale.

Get help in North Carolina

North Dakota

Judicial

Avg. days

90–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

60 days post-sale

Judicial process; 60-day right of redemption after sale. Homeowners may remain in possession during redemption.

Get help in North Dakota

Ohio

Judicial

Avg. days

180–270

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

Until sale confirmed

Judicial process provides multiple opportunities to modify or resolve before auction.

Get help in Ohio

Oklahoma

Judicial

Avg. days

120–210

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None after sale

Judicial process through district court. No post-sale right of redemption for residential mortgages.

Get help in Oklahoma

Oregon

Both

Avg. days

150–180

Deficiency

Restricted

Redemption right

180 days (judicial only)

Non-judicial path is faster; anti-deficiency rules apply to non-judicial sales of residential property.

Get help in Oregon

Pennsylvania

Judicial

Avg. days

270–540

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Act 91 notice required. Mediation available in most counties. Long judicial process.

Get help in Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–90

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

3 years (equity right)

Fast non-judicial process. Homeowner has 3 years after sale to redeem by paying all sums owed — but this is rarely practical.

Get help in Rhode Island

South Carolina

Judicial

Avg. days

150–180

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Master-in-equity conducts the sale. No right of redemption after the sale is confirmed.

Get help in South Carolina

South Dakota

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–150

Deficiency

Limited

Redemption right

180 days post-sale

Meaningful 6-month post-sale redemption right. Anti-deficiency protections apply in certain circumstances.

Get help in South Dakota

Tennessee

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

2 years (judicial) / None (non-judicial)

Very fast non-judicial process. Trustee can advertise and sell within 60 days of default.

Get help in Tennessee

Texas

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

27–60

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None (non-judicial)

Extremely fast — one of the shortest timelines in the U.S. Sale can happen the first Tuesday of the month after a 21-day posting period.

Get help in Texas

Utah

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

90–120

Deficiency

No (non-judicial)

Redemption right

180 days (judicial only)

No deficiency judgment allowed after non-judicial trustee's sale. Anti-deficiency protection is strong.

Get help in Utah

Vermont

Judicial

Avg. days

180–365

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

6-month redemption period

Strict foreclosure system: no public auction. Court sets a redemption period; if the homeowner doesn't redeem, title transfers to the lender.

Get help in Vermont

Virginia

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

45–60

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Very fast non-judicial process. Advertising requirements are minimal. Act quickly.

Get help in Virginia

Washington

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

120–180

Deficiency

Prohibited (non-judicial)

Redemption right

8 days post-sale

No deficiency allowed after non-judicial foreclosure. 120-day mediation window is available.

Get help in Washington

West Virginia

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–90

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

None

Trustee sale process; notice published for 4 consecutive weeks before sale. No right of redemption.

Get help in West Virginia

Wisconsin

Judicial

Avg. days

270–365

Deficiency

Yes

Redemption right

6–12 months post-sale

Long judicial process with a substantial redemption period. Homeowners can remain in possession during redemption.

Get help in Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-Judicial

Avg. days

60–90

Deficiency

No (non-judicial)

Redemption right

3 months post-sale

No deficiency allowed after non-judicial trustee's sale. 3-month post-sale redemption right.

Get help in Wyoming

Information is general in nature, updated periodically, and may not reflect recent legislative changes. Foreclosure law is complex and varies by loan type, lender, and county. Nothing on this page constitutes legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney in your state for case-specific guidance.

Don't see your state? We work in all 50.

Call us and we'll walk through the exact rules, timeline, and options for your specific state and lender.